India's Covid death toll could be TEN TIMES higher, with crematoriums 'burning far more victims that reports show' - as country records global record 314,835 cases in a day
- India's health infrastructure has been brought to its knees by a second wave three times higher than the first
- Medics believe a new variant is more infectious and has seen Britain put the country on its 'red list'
- India thought it had seen off the worst of the pandemic, re-opening with Hindu festivals and cricket matches
- But now cities are on lockdown again, anti-viral drugs like redesivir are being sold on a flourishing black market and oxygen cylinders are being looted, with tankers given armed escorts to transport supplies
- While India's infections have risen higher than any other country in the world, deaths are conspicuously low
- News
reports from states of Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar
reveal that while at least 1,833 people died of coronavirus recently,
based on the number of cremations, just 228 have been officially
tallied India's
Covid death toll could be ten times higher than is being officially
reported, according to analysis of the numbers being burned in
crematoriums.
Another 314,835 infections were reported on Thursday, the world record for a daily cases figure, while the health ministry said there were 2,074 fatalities.
India's health infrastructure has been brought to its knees by a second wave which is three times higher than the first, with medics pointing to a new variant believed to be more infectious. At the start of the year, India thought it had beaten the pandemic and had kicked off a mass vaccination drive. Face masks and social distancing were cast aside and huge crowds flocked to religious festivals, election rallies and cricket matches.
But now cities are on lockdown again, anti-viral drugs like redesivir are being sold on a flourishing black market and oxygen cylinders are being looted, with tankers given armed escorts to transport supplies.
While India's infections have risen higher than any other country in the world, their deaths have remained conspicuously low.
Local news reports from the states of Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar reveal that while at least 1,833 people died of coronavirus recently, based on the number of cremations, just 228 have been officially tallied.
Funeral pyres for Covid patients burn at a park converted into a crematorium in Delhi on Wednesday
Another 314,835 infections were reported on Thursday, the world record for a daily cases figure
The health ministry said there were 2,074 fatalities on Thursday, a new record for the country, but believed to be vastly under-reported
An Indian boy carries an empty oxygen cylinder for filling at oxygen filling centre in Bangalore on Wednesday
This analysis, by the Financial Times, revealed that in the Jamnagar province of Gujarat, 100 Covid victims had burned on funeral pyres - but just one coronavirus death was recorded officially.
Delhi, a city of 29 million, has less than 100 beds available for patients requiring ventilators and fewer than 150 for those in need of intensive care.
Major private and government-run hospitals in the capital have sent out urgent appeals to the central government, calling for immediate supply of oxygen for hundreds of patients on ventilator support.
On Wednesday, nearly 500 tonnes of oxygen was supplied to Delhi but this fell short of the required 700 tonnes per day.
Similar chaos is unfolding across the country, with desperate people taking to social media to beg for beds, oxygen or medication.
In the eastern city of Patna, Pranay Punj described how he ran frantically from one pharmacy to another in search of the antiviral medication remdesivir for his seriously ill mother.
He finally located a pharmacist who said the drug could only be found on the black market, and offered to source it for an eye-watering 100,000 rupees (£1,000), more than 30 times its usual price.He instead got the medicine from a relative whose wife had just died of the virus, but later that night received a call from the hospital informing him they were out of oxygen.
'Several hours later, we managed to procure one bed at (a) very high price in a private hospital and moved her there,' he said.
Despite India's status as the 'pharmacy of the world', the biggest producer of generic drugs has been unable to meet the demand for antiviral medication such as remdesivir and favipiravir.
In the northern city of Lucknow, Ahmed Abbas was charged 45,000 rupees for a 46-litre oxygen cylinder, nine times its normal price.
'They asked me to pay in advance and pick it (up) from them the next day,' the 34-year-old said.
The crisis has added to criticism of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, already under fire for allowing huge religious gatherings and addressing crowded political rallies himself.
Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal last weekend hit out at 'doctors giving patients unnecessary oxygen'. .
Relatives and family members carry the dead body of a Covid-19 victim for a cremation at Nigambodh Ghat Crematorium, on the banks of the Yamuna river in New Delhi in the early hour of Thursday
A crematorium worker checks a burning pyre of a Covid-19 victim at Nigambodh Ghat Crematorium
Multiple funeral pyres of those patients who died of COVID-19 disease are seen burning at a ground that has been converted into a crematorium
Funeral pyres at a makeshift crematorium in the capital Delhi on Wednesday, the city of 29 millions is rapidly running out of hospital beds for patients, oxygen supplies and even basic medication
A body shrouded in a white sheet lies on a gurney as funeral pyres burn in Delhi on Wednesday 'Patients should only be given as much oxygen as they need,' Goyal told reporters.
Delhi is now planning to import 50,000 tonnes of oxygen and has set up a special train service called the 'Oxygen Express' to transport cylinders to hard-hit states.
Modi said in an address to the nation on Tuesday night that 'all efforts are being made' to boost supplies.
'One solution to this crisis was to create a stockpile of antiviral drugs when cases were low, but that did not happen,' said Raman Gaikwad, an infectious diseases specialist at Sahyadri Hospital in the western city of Pune.
Instead, remdesivir manufacturers told the Indian Express this week that government officials had ordered them to cease production in January because of a fall in infections.
With requests for beds and supplies reaching fever pitch on social media platforms, a network of activists and influencers has sprung into action to help those in trouble.
Climate activist Disha Ravi and YouTuber Kusha Kapila are among the dozens of young Indians who have sourced, compiled and shared information detailing the real-time availability of hospital beds, local helplines, pharmacy numbers and even food delivery services.
Content creator Srishti Dixit, 28, said she received a new request for help every 30 seconds, creating a huge backlog.
Unpaid, she works late into the night, editing and verifying details of where to get what and amplifying requests for help.
But the lists she shares with her 684,000 Instagram followers becomes obsolete almost immediately as beds fill up and pharmacies sell out.
'I am not always successful, I am sure there are lapses... but hopefully it is helping people at least on an individual level', she said.
With cases rising at a record pace, India's government is leaving its healthcare workers and anxious citizens to pick up the pieces.
'My friend is desperate... we have been trying for all the government helplines but none of them are responding (and) most of the oxygen suppliers have switched off their phones', said Zain Zaidi, sales manager at a Lucknow hotel.
An Indian boy carries an empty oxygen cylinder for filling at oxygen filling centre in Bangalore on Thursday
A man waits to refill an oxygen cylinder at a store in Delhi. Suppliers have been given armed escorts to help move supplies amid reports of oxygen looting
'I just managed to find one supplier but he is charging 20,000 rupees. I have to buy it at any cost', the 34-year-old told AFP in a panicked voice, disconnecting the call.
States across India have imposed restrictions, with Delhi in a week-long lockdown, all non-essential shops shut in Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh set for a weekend shutdown.
The United States now advises against travelling to India, even for those fully vaccinated, while Britain has added India to its 'red list'. Hong Kong and New Zealand have banned flights.
India's inoculation programme has also hit supply hurdles, prompting New Delhi to put the brakes on exports of the AstraZeneca shot, which is manufactured locally by the Serum Institute.
India has administered more than 130 million shots so far and from May 1 all adults will be eligible for a jab.
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE INDIA VARIANT?
Real name: B.1.617
When and where was it discovered? The variant was first reported as being of concern by the Indian government in late March.
The first cases in India appear to date back to October 2020 and it was first detected in Britain in February.
It has been detected in 21 countries as of April 19, according to Public Health England's Sharon Peacock.
How many people in the UK have been infected with it? Matt Hancock revealed there had been 103 cases so far.
But Public Health England's latest report, published on April 15, says 77. These were detected in England and Scotland.
What mutations does it have? It has 13 mutations that separate it from the original Covid virus that emerged in China - but the two main ones are named E484Q and L452R.
Scientists suspect these two alterations can help it to transmit faster and to get past immune cells made in response to older variants.
Is it more infectious and can it evade vaccines?
The L452R mutation is also found on the Californian variant (B.1.429), discovered in December, even though the two evolved independently.
L452R is believed to make the American strain about 20 per cent more infectious.
The Indian variant's E484Q mutation is very similar to the one found in the South African and Brazil variants known as E484K, which can help the virus evade antibodies.
The South African variant is thought to make vaccines about 30 per cent less effective at stopping infections, but it's not clear what effect it has on severe illness.
Professor Peacock said there was 'limited' evidence of E484Q's effect on immunity and vaccines.
Lab studies have suggested it may be able to escape some antibodies, but to what degree remains uncertain.
Should we be worried?
Scientists are unsure how transmissible or vaccine-resistant the Indian variant is because the E484Q mutation is new and not well understood.
The fact it appears to have increased infectivity should not pose an immediate threat to the UK's situation, because the current dominant Kent version appears equally or more transmissible.
It will take a variant far more infectious strain than that to knock it off the top spot.
However, if the Indian version proves to be effective at slipping past vaccine-gained immunity, then its prevalence could rise in Britain as the immunisation programme squashes the Kent variant.
The UK currently classes the Indian strain as a 'Variant Under Investigation', a tier below the Kent, South African and Brazilian variants.
Experts studying Britain's Covid variants said the Indian variant was unlikely to ever take off in the UK because its mutations were 'not top tier'.
Dr Jeffrey Barrett, director of the Covid-19 Genomics Initiative at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, said it's still not clear if India's third wave has been caused by the new variant, or if it emerged at the same time by coincidence.
His comments have been echoed by PHE's Professor Peacock, who said today: ''It is not clear at the present time whether B.1.617 is the main driver for the current wave.
'The question is whether this is associated with the variant, with human behaviour (for example, the presence of large gatherings, and/or lack of preventive measures including hand washing, wearing masks and social distancing) or whether both are contributing.'
How deadly is it?
Again, scientists still don't know for sure - but they are fairly certain it won't be more deadly than the current variants in circulation in Britain.
This is because there is no evolutionary benefit to Covid becoming more deadly.
The virus's sole goal is to spread as much as it can, so it needs people to be alive and interacting with others for as long as possible to achieve this.
And, if other variants are anything to go by, the Indian strain should not be more lethal.
There is still no evidence to show dominant versions like the Kent and South African variants are more deadly than the original Covid strain - even though they are highly transmissible.
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